The sun and Earth are nearly 150 Kilometers apart. Ozone makes up a big part of the separation of the troposphere of Earth and the solar radiation coming from the sun. The gases are not what makes up the clouds but water vapor is. As gravity pulls earth to the surface it is measured in per square inch and milibars. and height is measured in kilometers. The Urban heat island effect is usually in place in big cities.
clouds are defined by their shape and form, cloud based altitudes, and if they are participating. the Humidity has a huge impact as well, because the water vapors are stuck between air molecules.
Wednesday, November 7, 2012
Saturday, October 13, 2012
Aerosols
Do you know why we need to research Aerosols?
Aerosols are small partials suspended in air with a lifetime of at least minutes. They are either emitted as primary Aerosols, dust or partial emissions, or formed by the conversion of sulfur dioxide, Nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and organic compounds in atmospheric chemical reactions. The total mass of aerosols are a diameter of 10 Micrometers or smaller.
Particulates, are tiny particles of solid or liquid suspended in the atmosphere. They range in size from just a few molecules to large enough that they can no longer be carried by air
Aerosols come from everything from: Spray cans, sea salt, dust, decomposition, water evaporation, soot, tobacco smoke, smog, oil smoke, fly ash, cement dust, Viruses, Cat allergens, bacteria, house dust mite allergens, mold, and pollen.
Aerosols have an effect on climate in two ways; Direct radioactive forcing the scattering of solar radiation and the absorption of terestrial radiation, and indirect radioactive forcing mainly by effects of aerosols on cloud properties. Greenhouse gasses also have a well understood effect on global radioactive balance and surface temperatures.
environmental factors of aerosols are soot covering leaves on plants, smokestack gases (sulfur dioxide), and CFC's decomposition releases chlorine atoms. Aerosols also play a significant role in causing asthma attacks. Elevation makes some health problems worse with aerosols and also water depth in your region.
Aerosols have been in use for century's but we really don't know a ton about them. We need to know more. If we know more we can use our knowledge to reduce the whole in the ozone or the heat island effect. Therefore, we need to study aerosols more than we already do.
Aerosols are small partials suspended in air with a lifetime of at least minutes. They are either emitted as primary Aerosols, dust or partial emissions, or formed by the conversion of sulfur dioxide, Nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and organic compounds in atmospheric chemical reactions. The total mass of aerosols are a diameter of 10 Micrometers or smaller.
Particulates, are tiny particles of solid or liquid suspended in the atmosphere. They range in size from just a few molecules to large enough that they can no longer be carried by air
Aerosols come from everything from: Spray cans, sea salt, dust, decomposition, water evaporation, soot, tobacco smoke, smog, oil smoke, fly ash, cement dust, Viruses, Cat allergens, bacteria, house dust mite allergens, mold, and pollen.
Aerosols have an effect on climate in two ways; Direct radioactive forcing the scattering of solar radiation and the absorption of terestrial radiation, and indirect radioactive forcing mainly by effects of aerosols on cloud properties. Greenhouse gasses also have a well understood effect on global radioactive balance and surface temperatures.
environmental factors of aerosols are soot covering leaves on plants, smokestack gases (sulfur dioxide), and CFC's decomposition releases chlorine atoms. Aerosols also play a significant role in causing asthma attacks. Elevation makes some health problems worse with aerosols and also water depth in your region.
Aerosols have been in use for century's but we really don't know a ton about them. We need to know more. If we know more we can use our knowledge to reduce the whole in the ozone or the heat island effect. Therefore, we need to study aerosols more than we already do.
Climate
Surface ozone should first be studied because we don’t know much about it. We think we know what harms it but do w e really know if it’s helpful or hurtful?
The Ozone layer is formed naturally whenever sunlight or chemical reactions break oxygen molecules apart. The Ozone is a major product of air pollution and is an unknown abundance globally known. Surface ozone is the concentration of local ozone in the layer a few meters above a particular ground site. The measurement used for measurements in surface ozone is unit of a partial pressure or mixing ratio.
The Ozone layer absorbs solar energy that is dangerous to living organism and reaches the outer layer of the atmosphere. The excess amount of solar energy stays inside the planet and harms living things the marine ecosystem along the coast of Antarctica is taking the biggest hit because all the ice is melting. Increased levels of UV-B damage is also happening to humans we are experiencing damage to our internal organs, less immune systems, more blindness (physically), and skin cancer. The E.P.A.(environmental Protection Agency) says that every 1 percent of the reduction of the ozone concretions increases very dangerous skin cells. We do not yet know what the affect is on other animals. We need to study it for these very reasons. Although, due to the Montreal protocol, an agreement between nations of the world to reduce CFC’s
The Ozone layer of the atmosphere is beneficial and harmful to us. The higher up in the atmosphere (stratosphere) it filters out incoming radiation from the Sun and Ultraviolet rays (UV), without this layer our lives on earth would not have evolved this way. During the 1970's man-made CFC's were majorly released and caused the destruction of the Ozone layer, and caused destruction and letting much more radiation through causing more health problems for humans such as: skin cancers, eye cataracts, and a reduction in the body's immunity to diseases.
Volatile Organic compounds make all the difference They are used as indoor air pollutants but are not measured as outdoor air pollution VOC's are very hazardous and are regulated by the pipeline and hazardous safety administration. VOC's are mainly found in contaminated groundwater and has high vapor pressures.
This is why we should study the Ozone layer. We should study it because of CFC's, the unkown, and VOC's. this could change the world if we knew more about them. Therefore I hope that we can find out more about them
The Ozone layer is formed naturally whenever sunlight or chemical reactions break oxygen molecules apart. The Ozone is a major product of air pollution and is an unknown abundance globally known. Surface ozone is the concentration of local ozone in the layer a few meters above a particular ground site. The measurement used for measurements in surface ozone is unit of a partial pressure or mixing ratio.
The Ozone layer absorbs solar energy that is dangerous to living organism and reaches the outer layer of the atmosphere. The excess amount of solar energy stays inside the planet and harms living things the marine ecosystem along the coast of Antarctica is taking the biggest hit because all the ice is melting. Increased levels of UV-B damage is also happening to humans we are experiencing damage to our internal organs, less immune systems, more blindness (physically), and skin cancer. The E.P.A.(environmental Protection Agency) says that every 1 percent of the reduction of the ozone concretions increases very dangerous skin cells. We do not yet know what the affect is on other animals. We need to study it for these very reasons. Although, due to the Montreal protocol, an agreement between nations of the world to reduce CFC’s
The Ozone layer of the atmosphere is beneficial and harmful to us. The higher up in the atmosphere (stratosphere) it filters out incoming radiation from the Sun and Ultraviolet rays (UV), without this layer our lives on earth would not have evolved this way. During the 1970's man-made CFC's were majorly released and caused the destruction of the Ozone layer, and caused destruction and letting much more radiation through causing more health problems for humans such as: skin cancers, eye cataracts, and a reduction in the body's immunity to diseases.
Volatile Organic compounds make all the difference They are used as indoor air pollutants but are not measured as outdoor air pollution VOC's are very hazardous and are regulated by the pipeline and hazardous safety administration. VOC's are mainly found in contaminated groundwater and has high vapor pressures.
This is why we should study the Ozone layer. We should study it because of CFC's, the unkown, and VOC's. this could change the world if we knew more about them. Therefore I hope that we can find out more about them
Friday, August 17, 2012
how have I used the scientific method thought my life and the steps it takes in this class
I have used the scientific method several times in my life. The main place I have used it was in 8th Grade science class and physical science class my freshmen, 9th grade, year. I haven't used it much since. I had a little refresher course on it in Chemistry and Biology but that is about it.
When I did a project using the scientific method I've always been given the problem/question I've never formulated it by myself. I have never in the past had to do much observing, but the one time I did it seemed pointless because I was just seeing if a rock made a chemical change colors. I usually had to formulate my hypothesis before I observed though but they always seemed to have us go back to our observations. We collected results but they weren't really anything other than "Did the rock change color" "yes" or "no" but nothing really past that. We always had to conclude how we thought this was done but we never got a definite answer. We communicated our results by filling out worksheets. My skills haven't really went beyond that yet.
One way you can use the scientific method is by going to the grocery store. you go to the store with a list of things you need in your house. You then observe the prices of the food and decide between taste and price, or even just what you buy regularly. after that you decide if the price is worth the item (formulating your hypothesis). you collect your data by putting it in your shopping cart. After that you communicate your results by paying for it then cooking/eating/drinking it.
the nessisary ones for this class is:
Problem/question:
develop a question or problem that can be solved through experimentation.
Observation/research; make observations
and research your topic of interest.
Formulate
a hypothesis: predict a possible answer to the problem or
question.
Collect
and analyze results: modify the procedure if needed.
Confirm the
results by retesting
Include tables,
graphs, and photographs
Conclusion:
include
a statement that accepts or rejects the hypothesis.
Make recommendations
for further study and possible improvements to the procedure
Communicate
the results: be prepared to present the project to an
audience.
Expect questions from the
audienceWhen I did a project using the scientific method I've always been given the problem/question I've never formulated it by myself. I have never in the past had to do much observing, but the one time I did it seemed pointless because I was just seeing if a rock made a chemical change colors. I usually had to formulate my hypothesis before I observed though but they always seemed to have us go back to our observations. We collected results but they weren't really anything other than "Did the rock change color" "yes" or "no" but nothing really past that. We always had to conclude how we thought this was done but we never got a definite answer. We communicated our results by filling out worksheets. My skills haven't really went beyond that yet.
One way you can use the scientific method is by going to the grocery store. you go to the store with a list of things you need in your house. You then observe the prices of the food and decide between taste and price, or even just what you buy regularly. after that you decide if the price is worth the item (formulating your hypothesis). you collect your data by putting it in your shopping cart. After that you communicate your results by paying for it then cooking/eating/drinking it.
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