Saturday, October 13, 2012

Aerosols

Do you know why we need to research Aerosols?
 Aerosols are small partials suspended in air with a lifetime of at least minutes. They are either emitted as primary Aerosols, dust or partial emissions, or formed by the conversion of sulfur dioxide, Nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and organic compounds in atmospheric chemical reactions. The total mass of aerosols are a diameter of 10 Micrometers or smaller.
    Particulates, are tiny particles of solid or liquid suspended in the atmosphere. They range in size from just a few molecules to large enough that they can no longer be carried by air
    Aerosols come from everything from: Spray cans, sea salt, dust, decomposition, water evaporation, soot, tobacco smoke, smog, oil smoke, fly ash, cement dust, Viruses, Cat allergens, bacteria, house dust mite allergens, mold, and pollen.
  Aerosols have an effect on climate in two ways; Direct radioactive forcing the scattering of solar radiation and the absorption of terestrial radiation, and indirect radioactive forcing mainly by effects of aerosols on cloud properties. Greenhouse gasses also have a well understood effect on global radioactive balance and surface temperatures.
 environmental factors of aerosols are soot covering leaves on plants, smokestack gases (sulfur dioxide), and CFC's decomposition releases chlorine atoms. Aerosols also play a significant role in causing asthma attacks. Elevation makes some health problems worse with aerosols and also water depth in your region.
    Aerosols have been in use for century's but we really don't know a ton about them. We need to know more. If we know more we can use our knowledge to reduce the whole in the ozone or the heat island effect. Therefore, we need to study aerosols more than we already do.

Climate

Surface ozone should first be studied because we don’t know much about it. We think we know what harms it but do w e really know if it’s helpful or hurtful?
    The Ozone layer is formed naturally whenever sunlight or chemical reactions break oxygen molecules apart. The Ozone is a major product of air pollution and is an unknown abundance globally known.  Surface ozone is the concentration of local ozone in the layer a few meters above a particular ground site. The measurement used for measurements in surface ozone is unit of a partial pressure or mixing ratio.
    The Ozone layer absorbs solar energy that is dangerous to living organism and reaches the outer layer of the atmosphere. The excess amount of solar energy stays inside the planet and harms living things the marine ecosystem along the coast of Antarctica is taking the biggest hit because all the ice is melting. Increased levels of UV-B damage is also happening to humans we are experiencing damage to our internal organs, less immune systems, more blindness (physically), and skin cancer. The E.P.A.(environmental Protection Agency) says that every 1 percent of  the reduction of the ozone concretions increases very dangerous skin cells. We do not yet know what the affect is on other animals. We need to study it for these very reasons. Although, due to the Montreal protocol, an agreement between nations of the world to reduce CFC’s
    The Ozone layer of the atmosphere is beneficial and harmful to us. The higher up in the atmosphere (stratosphere) it filters out incoming radiation from the Sun and Ultraviolet rays (UV), without this layer our lives on earth would not have evolved this way. During the 1970's man-made CFC's were majorly released and caused the destruction of the Ozone layer, and caused destruction and letting much more radiation through causing more health problems for humans such as: skin cancers, eye cataracts, and a reduction in the body's immunity to diseases. 
    Volatile Organic compounds make all the difference  They are used as indoor air pollutants but are not measured as outdoor air pollution  VOC's are very hazardous and are regulated by the pipeline and hazardous safety administration. VOC's are mainly found in contaminated groundwater and has high vapor pressures. 
     This is why we should study the Ozone layer. We should study it because of CFC's, the unkown, and VOC's. this could change the world if we knew more about them. Therefore I hope that we can find out more about them